Phénologie et gestion du carpocapse résistant en pomme

In southeastern France, apple codling moth populations in the PACA region show widespread resistance to chemical insecticides, complicating pest management. Resistant individuals exhibit delayed development and prolonged diapause, leading to phenological separation and higher proportions of sensitive moths in the final generation. A phenological model using daily temperature (max/min) and photoperiod (Julian days) distinguishes seasonal dynamics of sensitive and resistant populations, simulating stages from eggs to diapause. The model supports targeted interventions during key risk periods—eggs and 'baladeuse' larvae—before fruit penetration, aiding in optimizing insecticide timing. Integrated strategies include pheromone traps, visual inspections, and reducing pyrethroid and organophosphate use by 50%. The French Plant Protection Service (SPF) uses the model for regional forecasts, supported by a tripartite agreement between INRA, CTIFL, and SRPV to ensure accessibility for advisors. These approaches aim to sustain apple production, maintain farmer income, and slow resistance spread through precise risk period identification and diversified control methods.